The European Organization for Nuclear Research is the world’s largest particle physics laboratory that is located at the Northwest suburbs of Geneva on the Franco–Swiss border. The laboratory was founded in year 1954. The membership of the organization elaborates to about 2,600 full time employees as well there are working about 7,931 scientist and engineers from about 580 universities and research facilities and about 80 nationalities.

CERN’s main purpose and duty is to give the particle accelerators and other infrastructure as required for the high-energy physics research. Numerous experiments have taken place at CERN by international collaborations to make and let the implantation of it occur there.  It is at the CERN from where the concept and thought of the World Wide Web took place. The main site at Meyrin do also have  a very big computer facility having the data-processing facilities for the sake of the experimental data analysis so its end result can be provided to the researchers at other places as well. Ideally, it is a massive wide area networking hub. The CERN sites, as an international facility, are officially under neither Swiss nor French jurisdiction.

The convention that formed CERN was recognized as on 29 September 1954 by 12 countries in Western Europe. The acronym was further accepted as to be the provisional council that was dissolved, yet its name was converted as to be the Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire (European Organization for Nuclear Research) in 1954. After the foundation of the work at the laboratory that was beyond the study of the atomic nucleus into the higher level of the energy physics is ideally related to the study of interactions between particles. So the laboratory run by CERN is generally is being referred as to be the European laboratory for particle physics.

This NeXT Computer used at the CERN lab by the British scientist Sir Tim Berners-Lee at CERN is known as to be the first Web server. The World Wide Web began as a CERN project called ENQUIRE, started by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 and Robert Cailliau in 1990. Berners-Lee and Cailliau were jointly awarded by the Association for Computing Machinery in 1995 for their contributions as provided in the development of the World Wide Web. In the recent activities at the CERN it is known for directing all its effort creating the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and experiments directed towards it. The LHC shows as big scale worldwide scientific co-operation project. The LHC tunnel is situate about 100 meters beneath in the area between the Geneva airport and the nearby Jura Mountains. It employ about 27 km circumference circular tunnel earlier in control of LEP that was shut down in November 2000.

Palace of Nations

The United Nations Office at Geneva (UNOG) is the second-largest among all the four major office sites of the United Nations and comes after the New York. It is located in the Palais des Nations building constructed for the League of Nations between 1929 and 1938 at Geneva in Switzerland. The UN was organized in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, as a measure to stop wars between fighting countries, and to give them a platform for dialogue. It contains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its missions.

The Palais des Nations or Palace of Nations was constructed in Geneva, Switzerland, between 1929 and 1936 as the head of the League of Nations. The building was authorized as the home of the United Nations Office at Geneva till 1946 when the Secretary General of the UN signed a Headquarters Agreement with the Swiss authorities. But it is quite amazing to know that Switzerland was not a member of the United States till 2002.

In order to construct the building an architectural competition was organized in 1920 to select a design for the complex. A jury of architects was formed to choose out the best final design out of about 377 entries but lately failed to decide on the name of the winner. Anyhow, the five architects behind the leading entries were elected for the final design as: Carlo Broggi of Italy, Julien Flegenheimer of Switzerland, Camille Lefèvre and Henri-Paul Nénot of France, and Joseph Vago of Hungary. For designing the interiors of the building the donations from the League members were used there.

When the building was transferred to the United Nations in year 1950, there two new extensions were added to the building. Three floors were appended to the “K” building and the “D” building was made to keep the World Health Organization. The “E” building (or “New” Building) was finished in 1973 as a conference facility. With all these additions the complex was about 600 metres long, with 34 conference rooms and 2,800 offices.

Apart from United Nations administration, the building also hosts the offices for a good number of programmes and funds like as the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarion Affairs (OCHA) and the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). The United Nations and its other specialized agencies, programmes and funds have other offices outside the Palace of Nations at office spaces provided by the Swiss Government. The building overlooks towards Lake Geneva and has a clear view of the French Alps. The Palais and its buildings make it the second-largest building complex in Europe after Versailles.